DistinguishedEncodingRulesElement

The unit of encoding and decoding for Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER).

There are three parts to an element encoded according to the Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER):

A Type Tag, which specifies what data type is encoded
A Length Tag, which specifies how many subsequent bytes encode the data
The Encoded Value

They appear in the binary encoding in that order, and as such, the encoding scheme is sometimes described as "TLV," which stands for Type-Length-Value.

This class provides a properties for getting and setting bit fields of the type tag, but most of it is functionality for encoding data per the specification.

As an example, this is what encoding a simple INTEGER looks like:

DERElement dv = new DERElement();
dv.tagNumber = 0x02u; // "2" means this is an INTEGER
dv.integer = 1433; // Now the data is encoded.
transmit(cast(ubyte[]) dv); // transmit() is a made-up function.

And this is what decoding looks like:

ubyte[] data = receive(); // receive() is a made-up function.
DERElement dv2 = new DERElement(data);

long x;
if (dv.tagNumber == 0x02u) // it is an INTEGER
{
    x = dv.integer;
}
// Now x is 1433!

class DistinguishedEncodingRulesElement : ASN1Element!DERElement, Byteable {

void endOfContent [@property getter];

bool boolean [@property getter];

bool boolean [@property setter];

T integer [@property getter];

T integer [@property setter];

bool[] bitString [@property getter];

bool[] bitString [@property setter];

ubyte[] octetString [@property getter];

ubyte[] octetString [@property setter];

void nill [@property getter];

OID objectIdentifier [@property getter];

OID objectIdentifier [@property setter];

string objectDescriptor [@property getter];

string objectDescriptor [@property setter];

External external [@property getter];

External external [@property setter];

T realNumber [@property getter];

T realNumber [@property setter];

T enumerated [@property getter];

T enumerated [@property setter];

EmbeddedPDV embeddedPresentationDataValue [@property getter];

EmbeddedPDV embeddedPresentationDataValue [@property setter];

string unicodeTransformationFormat8String [@property getter];

string unicodeTransformationFormat8String [@property setter];

OIDNode[] relativeObjectIdentifier [@property getter];

OIDNode[] relativeObjectIdentifier [@property setter];

DERElement[] sequence [@property getter];

DERElement[] sequence [@property setter];

DERElement[] set [@property getter];

DERElement[] set [@property setter];

string numericString [@property getter];

string numericString [@property setter];

string printableString [@property getter];

string printableString [@property setter];

ubyte[] teletexString [@property getter];

ubyte[] teletexString [@property setter];

ubyte[] videotexString [@property getter];

ubyte[] videotexString [@property setter];

string internationalAlphabetNumber5String [@property getter];

string internationalAlphabetNumber5String [@property setter];

DateTime coordinatedUniversalTime [@property getter];

DateTime coordinatedUniversalTime [@property setter];

DateTime generalizedTime [@property getter];

DateTime generalizedTime [@property setter];

string graphicString [@property getter];

string graphicString [@property setter];

string visibleString [@property getter];

string visibleString [@property setter];

string generalString [@property getter];

string generalString [@property setter];

dstring universalString [@property getter];

dstring universalString [@property setter];

CharacterString characterString [@property getter];

CharacterString characterString [@property setter];

wstring basicMultilingualPlaneString [@property getter];

wstring basicMultilingualPlaneString [@property setter];

this(ASN1TagClass tagClass, ASN1Construction construction, size_t tagNumber);

this(ubyte[] bytes);

this(ubyte[] bytes);

this(size_t bytesRead, ubyte[] bytes);

size_t fromBytes(ubyte[] bytes);

ubyte[] toBytes [@property getter];

ubyte[] opCast();

}

Constructors

this this(ASN1TagClass tagClass, ASN1Construction construction, size_t tagNumber): Creates an $(MONO END OF CONTENT) by default
this this(ubyte[] bytes): Creates a DERElement from the supplied bytes, inferring that the first byte is the type tag. The supplied ubyte[] array is "chomped" by reference, so the original array will grow shorter as DERElements are generated.
this this(ubyte[] bytes): Creates a DERElement from the supplied bytes, inferring that the first byte is the type tag. Unlike the construct that accepts a ubyte[] reference, this constructor does not "chomp" the array. This constructor expects the encoded bytes to encode only one $(DERElement). If there are any remaining bytes after decoding, an exception is thrown.
this this(size_t bytesRead, ubyte[] bytes): Creates a DERElement from the supplied bytes, inferring that the first byte is the type tag. The supplied ubyte[] array is read, starting from the index specified by bytesRead, and increments bytesRead by the number of bytes read.

Members

Functions

fromBytes size_t fromBytes(ubyte[] bytes)
opCast ubyte[] opCast(): This differs from this.value in that this.value only returns the value octets, whereas this.toBytes returns the type tag, length tag / octets, and the value octets, all concatenated.

Properties

basicMultilingualPlaneString wstring basicMultilingualPlaneString [@property getter]: Decodes a $(MONO wstring) of UTF-16 characters.
basicMultilingualPlaneString wstring basicMultilingualPlaneString [@property setter]: Encodes a $(MONO wstring) of UTF-16 characters.
bitString bool[] bitString [@property getter]: Decodes an array of bools representing a string of bits.
bitString bool[] bitString [@property setter]: Encodes an array of bools representing a string of bits.
boolean bool boolean [@property getter]: Decodes a bool.
boolean bool boolean [@property setter]: Encodes a bool
characterString CharacterString characterString [@property getter]: Decodes a $(MONO CharacterString), which is a constructed data type, defined in the https://www.itu.int, International Telecommunications Union's https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.680/en, X.680.
characterString CharacterString characterString [@property setter]: Encodes a $(MONO CharacterString), which is a constructed data type, defined in the https://www.itu.int, International Telecommunications Union's https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.680/en, X.680.
coordinatedUniversalTime DateTime coordinatedUniversalTime [@property getter]: Decodes a https://dlang.org/phobos/std_datetime_date.html#.DateTime, DateTime. The value is just the ASCII character representation of the UTC-formatted timestamp.
coordinatedUniversalTime DateTime coordinatedUniversalTime [@property setter]: Encodes a https://dlang.org/phobos/std_datetime_date.html#.DateTime, DateTime. The value is just the ASCII character representation of the UTC-formatted timestamp.
embeddedPresentationDataValue EmbeddedPDV embeddedPresentationDataValue [@property getter]: Decodes an $(MONO EmbeddedPDV), which is a constructed data type, defined in the https://www.itu.int, International Telecommunications Union's https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.680/en, X.680.
embeddedPresentationDataValue EmbeddedPDV embeddedPresentationDataValue [@property setter]: Encodes an $(MONO EmbeddedPDV), which is a constructed data type, defined in the https://www.itu.int, International Telecommunications Union's https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.680/en, X.680.
endOfContent void endOfContent [@property getter]: "Decodes" an $(MONO END OF CONTENT), by which I mean: returns nothing, but throws exceptions if the element is not correct.
enumerated T enumerated [@property getter]: Decodes a signed integer, which represents a selection from an $(MONO ENUMERATION) of choices.
enumerated T enumerated [@property setter]: Encodes an $(MONO ENUMERATED) type from an integer.
external deprecated External external [@property getter]: Decodes an $(MONO EXTERNAL).
external deprecated External external [@property setter]: Encodes an $(MONO EXTERNAL).
generalString string generalString [@property getter]: Decodes a string containing only ASCII characters. Deprecated, according to page 182 of the Dubuisson book.
generalString string generalString [@property setter]: Encodes a string containing only ASCII characters. Deprecated, according to page 182 of the Dubuisson book.
generalizedTime DateTime generalizedTime [@property getter]: Decodes a https://dlang.org/phobos/std_datetime_date.html#.DateTime, DateTime. The value is just the ASCII character representation of the https://www.iso.org/iso-8601-date-and-time-format.html, ISO 8601-formatted timestamp.
generalizedTime DateTime generalizedTime [@property setter]: Encodes a https://dlang.org/phobos/std_datetime_date.html#.DateTime, DateTime.
graphicString string graphicString [@property getter]: Decodes an ASCII string that contains only characters between and including 0x20 and 0x75. Deprecated, according to page 182 of the Dubuisson book.
graphicString string graphicString [@property setter]: Encodes an ASCII string that may contain only characters between and including 0x20 and 0x75. Deprecated, according to page 182 of the Dubuisson book.
integer T integer [@property getter]: Decodes a signed integer.
integer T integer [@property setter]: Encodes a signed integral type
internationalAlphabetNumber5String string internationalAlphabetNumber5String [@property getter]: Decodes a string that only contains ASCII characters.
internationalAlphabetNumber5String string internationalAlphabetNumber5String [@property setter]: Encodes a string that may only contain ASCII characters.
nill void nill [@property getter]: "Decodes" a null, by which I mean: returns nothing, but throws exceptions if the element is not correct.
numericString string numericString [@property getter]: Decodes a string, where the characters of the string are limited to 0 - 9 and $(MONO SPACE).
numericString string numericString [@property setter]: Encodes a string, where the characters of the string are limited to 0 - 9 and space.
objectDescriptor string objectDescriptor [@property getter]: Decodes an ObjectDescriptor, which is a string consisting of only graphical characters. In fact, ObjectDescriptor is actually implicitly just a $(MONO GraphicString)! The formal specification for an ObjectDescriptor is:
objectDescriptor string objectDescriptor [@property setter]: Encodes an ObjectDescriptor, which is a string consisting of only graphical characters. In fact, ObjectDescriptor is actually implicitly just a $(MONO GraphicString)! The formal specification for an ObjectDescriptor is:
objectIdentifier OID objectIdentifier [@property getter]: Decodes an $(MONO OBJECT IDENTIFIER). See $(MONO source/types/universal/objectidentifier.d) for information about the ObjectIdentifier class (aliased as OID).
objectIdentifier OID objectIdentifier [@property setter]: Encodes an $(MONO OBJECT IDENTIFIER). See $(MONO source/types/universal/objectidentifier.d) for information about the ObjectIdentifier class (aliased as $(OID)).
octetString ubyte[] octetString [@property getter]: Decodes an $(MONO OCTET STRING) into an unsigned byte array.
octetString ubyte[] octetString [@property setter]: Encodes an $(MONO OCTET STRING) from an unsigned byte (ubyte) array.
printableString string printableString [@property getter]: Decodes a string that will only contain characters a-z, A-Z, 0-9, space, apostrophe, parentheses, comma, minus, plus, period, forward slash, colon, equals, and question mark.
printableString string printableString [@property setter]: Encodes a string that may only contain characters a-z, A-Z, 0-9, space, apostrophe, parentheses, comma, minus, plus, period, forward slash, colon, equals, and question mark.
realNumber T realNumber [@property getter]: Decodes a floating-point type.
realNumber T realNumber [@property setter]: Encodes a floating-point type, using base-2 binary encoding.
relativeObjectIdentifier OIDNode[] relativeObjectIdentifier [@property getter]: Decodes a $(MONO RELATIVE OBJECT IDENTIFIER).
relativeObjectIdentifier OIDNode[] relativeObjectIdentifier [@property setter]: Encodes a $(MONO RELATIVE OBJECT IDENTIFIER).
sequence DERElement[] sequence [@property getter]: Decodes a sequence of elements
sequence DERElement[] sequence [@property setter]: Encodes a sequence of elements
set DERElement[] set [@property getter]: Decodes a set of elements
set DERElement[] set [@property setter]: Encodes a set of elements
teletexString ubyte[] teletexString [@property getter]: Literally just returns the value bytes.
teletexString ubyte[] teletexString [@property setter]: Literally just sets the value bytes.
toBytes ubyte[] toBytes [@property getter]: This differs from this.value in that this.value only returns the value octets, whereas this.toBytes returns the type tag, length tag / octets, and the value octets, all concatenated.
unicodeTransformationFormat8String string unicodeTransformationFormat8String [@property getter]: Decodes the value to UTF-8 characters.
unicodeTransformationFormat8String string unicodeTransformationFormat8String [@property setter]: Encodes a UTF-8 string to bytes.
universalString dstring universalString [@property getter]: Decodes a $(MONO dstring) of UTF-32 characters.
universalString dstring universalString [@property setter]: Encodes a $(MONO dstring) of UTF-32 characters.
videotexString ubyte[] videotexString [@property getter]: Literally just returns the value bytes.
videotexString ubyte[] videotexString [@property setter]: Literally just sets the value bytes.
visibleString string visibleString [@property getter]: Decodes a string that only contains characters between and including 0x20 and 0x7E. (Honestly, I don't know how this differs from $(MONO GraphicalString).)
visibleString string visibleString [@property setter]: Encodes a string that only contains characters between and including 0x20 and 0x7E. (Honestly, I don't know how this differs from $(MONO GraphicalString).)

Meta

Source

See Implementation

asn1 codecs der aliases

classes

DistinguishedEncodingRulesElement

variables

distinguishedEncodingRulesObjectIdentifier